Dexamethasone can be given IV, IM and the solution can even be given orally (it is absorbed quite well from the GI tract). In an emergency case of hives or wheals in which you cannot contact your vet, you could give 1cc per 100 lbs (of the 2mg/ml strength) by either IM or oral route.
- Based on the bioavailability of oral dexamethasone, daily oral doses of 0.1 to 0.2 mg/kg should also be effective at improving the respiratory function of RAO-affected horses. Another effective option is the use of isoflupredone at a dose of 0.03 mg/kg administered once a day.
How much dexamethasone do you give a horse?
Administration And Dosage Dexamethasone Powder may be administered or the parenteral dose repeated as needed. Equine – DEXAMETHASONE INJECTION 2 mg/mL – 2.5 to 5 mg intravenously or intramuscularly.
Is there an oral form of dexamethasone?
Dexamethasone comes as an oral tablet, oral solution, eye drops, and ear drops. It’s also available as an injectable solution or an intraocular solution given after surgery. These two forms are given only by a healthcare provider. Dexamethasone oral tablet is used to treat many conditions.
How long does Dex stay in a horse’s system?
The USEF has a general detection time of 7 days for all short acting sedatives, which includes all of the aforementioned drugs. The FEI detection time for a 1000 pound horse that received 0.9 cc (10mg/ml) detomidine is 2 days.
How fast does dexamethasone work in horses?
Dexamethasone per os was effective within 6 h with peak effect at 24 h at a dose of 0.164 mg/kg bwt prior to feeding. The duration of effect was, for all dexamethasone treatments, statistically significant for 30 h when compared to saline and tended to have a longer duration of effect when used orally.
What does dexamethasone do for a horse?
Dexamethasone commonly is used in horses to treat allergic reactions such as respiratory allergies, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (heaves), hives, itching and inflammatory diseases including arthritis.
How do you administer dexamethasone?
You’ll usually take dexamethasone once a day. Take it in the morning with or immediately after your breakfast. Unless your doctor gives you different instructions, take your full dose in one go. For example, if your dose is 6mg, your doctor may tell you to take three 2mg tablets at the same time.
Can you swallow dexamethasone liquid?
This medicine contains 10mg of dexamethasone in each 5ml. Each 1ml contains 2mg of dexamethasone. Take this medicine by mouth. For oral administration, always use the oral syringe supplied with the pack.
How quickly does oral dexamethasone work?
6. Response and effectiveness. Peak effects of dexamethasone are reached within 10 to 30 minutes of administration; however, it may take a couple of days before any inflammation is well controlled.
Can you overdose on dexamethasone?
An overdose of dexamethasone is not expected to produce life threatening symptoms. Long term use of high doses can lead to thinning skin, easy bruising, changes in body fat (especially in your face, neck, back, and waist), increased acne or facial hair, menstrual problems, impotence, or loss of interest in sex.
Can you give dexamethasone orally to a horse?
Dexamethasone can be given IV, IM and the solution can even be given orally (it is absorbed quite well from the GI tract).
Does Dex calm a horse?
Some competitors administer “dex” in the belief that it will calm a nervous horse, although the rules expressly forbid that use and there’s not much evidence that it works.
What are the doses of dexamethasone?
Usual dosage range: Oral, IV, IM: 4 to 20 mg/day given in a single daily dose or in 2 to 4 divided doses; High dose: 0.4 to 0.8 mg/kg/day (usually not to exceed 40 mg/day). Acute mountain sickness/high-altitude cerebral edema (off-label use):
Does dexamethasone cause laminitis?
Laminitis reportedly develops when dexamethasone or triamcinolone is used to treat inflammation in horses. Substantial new data point to a role for inflammation in the development of laminitis, suggesting that glucocorticoids should inhibit its development.
Can dexamethasone be given subcutaneously?
In palliative care, subcutaneous Dexamethasone 3.3 mg/ml solution for injection may be administered by injection or Continuous Subcutaneous Infusion (CSCI). Doses usually range between 4 mg to 16 mg over 24 hours, taking into consideration local clinical guidelines, and should be titrated according to the response.
What are the side effects of dexamethasone?
Dexamethasone may cause side effects. Tell your doctor if any of these symptoms are severe or do not go away:
- upset stomach.
- stomach irritation.
- vomiting.
- headache.
- dizziness.
- insomnia.
- restlessness.
- depression.
Efficacy of oral and intravenous dexamethasone in horses with recurrent airway obstruction
Although dexamethasone has been shown to be effective in the treatment of recurrent airway obstruction (RAO), the time it takes for the effects to manifest and the duration of action are unknown. It is also unclear whether dexamethasone administered orally with or without fasting is as effective as dexamethasone administered intravenously. The objectives of this study were to document the time of start of effect and the duration of action of a dexamethasone solution given intravenously or orally with and without fasting, and to compare the results.
The effects of dexamethasone i.v.
Six comparable horses were utilized in the study.
induced a considerable increase in lung function within 2 hours, with a peak effect occurring between 4 and 6 hours.
- When compared to saline, the duration of effect was statistically significant for all dexamethasone doses for 30 h.
- It was shown that feeding decreased the bioavailability of dexamethasone per os at a dosage of 0.164 mg/kg bwt given to fed horses, whereas feeding decreased the bioavailability of dexamethasone per os at a dose of 0.082 mg/kg bwt provided to fasted horses.
- Oral administration of a bioequivalent dosage of the same solution to fasting horses is equally efficacious as intravenous treatment and has the advantage of having a longer duration of action than intravenous administration.
- Potential significance:Oral administration of a dexamethasone solution meant for intravenous administration to fasting horses has been shown to be an effective therapy for RAO-affected animals.
Similar articles
- A narrative evaluation of the use of glucocorticoids in the management of horses with asthma. S. Mainguy-Seers and J.P. Lavoie. The Journal of Veterinary Intern Medicine (JVIM) published a paper by Mainguy-Seers et al. on June 3, 2021, in which they wrote, “JVIM: doi: 10.1111/jvim.16189.” PMID: 3485342. PMC article that is completely free. Retrospective study shows that theophylline does not enhance the effects of a low-dose steroid administered to horses with recurrent airway blockage. Cesarini C, Hamilton E, Picandet V, Lavoie JP. Cesarini C, Hamilton E, Picandet V, Lavoie JP. Cesarini, C., and colleagues In 2006, the Equine Vet Journal published an article titled Equine Vet Journal 38(6):570-3. doi: 10.2746/042516407×153048.PMID:17124849. Trial of the efficacy of oral prednisolone and dexamethasone in horses with recurrent airway obstruction in the context of continuous antigen exposure was conducted in this study. Leclere M, Lefebvre-Lavoie J, Beauchamp G, Lavoie JP, Lefebvre-Lavoie J, Leclere M, Lefebvre-Lavoie J, Leclere M, Leclere M, Leclere M, Leclere M, Leclere M, Leclere M, Leclere M, Leclere M, Leclere M, Leclere M, Leclere M, Leclere M M. Leclere and colleagues Journal of Equine Veterinary Science. 2010 May
- 42(4):316-21. doi: 10.1111/j.2042-3306.2009.0022.2x. Equine Veterinary Journal, 2010. PMID:20525049 Efficacy of three corticosteroids in the treatment of heaves in a clinical trial Robinson NE, Jackson C, Jefcoat A, Berney C, Peroni D, Derksen FJ. Robinson NE, Jackson C, Jefcoat A, Berney C, Peroni D, Derksen FJ. Robinson, N.E., and colleagues Accessed January 2002
- 34(1):17-22. doi: 10.2746/042516402776181105. Equine Vet J. 2002
- 34(1):17-22. PMID: 11817547 Prednisone per os is expected to have a limited effectiveness in horses, according to a clinical trial. Peroni DL, Stanley S, Kollias-Baker C, Robinson NE. Peroni DL, Stanley S, Kollias-Baker C, Robinson NE. PMID: 12108748 for Equine Vet J, which was published in May 2002 as 34(3):283-7. doi: 10.2746/042516402776186056 for Equine Vet J, which was published in May 2002 as 34(3):283-7
Cited by 6articles
- Experiments with autologous adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells in severe equine asthma were conducted. Adami N, Prpar Mihevc S, Blagus R, Kramari P, Krape U, Majdi G, Viel L, Hoffman AM, Bienzle D, Vengust M.Adami N, et al. Adami N, Prpar Mihevc S, Blagus R, Kramari P, Krape U, Majdi G, Viel L, Hoffman AM, Bienzle D, Vengust M.Adami N, et al. Stem Cell Research and Therapy, published online January 21, 2022, at 13(1):23. doi: 10.1186/s13287-022-02704-7. Molecular Stem Cell Research and Therapy, 2022.PMID:35063028 A narrative evaluation of glucocorticoid therapy in horses with asthma is available as a free PMC publication. Mainguy-Seers S, Lavoie JP.Mainguy-Seers S, et al.J Vet Intern Med. 2021 Jul
- 35(4):2045-2057. doi: 10.1111/jvim.16189. Epub 2021 Jun 3.PMID:34085342 Mainguy-Seers S, Lavoie JP.Mainguy-Seers S, et al.J Vet Intern Med. 20 PMC article that is completely free. The use of nebulized dexamethasone sodium phosphate in the management of horses with severe asthma is discussed in detail. Epub 2021 Apr 4.J Vet Intern Med. 2021 May
- 35(3):1604-1611. doi: 10.1111/jvim.16113. de Wasseige S, Picotte K, Lavoie JP.de Wasseige S, et al.,J Vet Intern Med. 2021.PMID:33817859. In a large prospective European clinical study, inhaled ciclesonide was found to be effective and well tolerated in the treatment of severe horse asthma. This paper is available for free on PMC. Pirie RS, Mueller HW, Engel O, Albrecht B, von Salis-Soglio M, et al. Pirie RS, Mueller HW, Engel O, Albrecht B, von Salis-Soglio M, et al. Journal of Equine Veterinary Science. 2021 Nov
- 53(6):1094-1104. doi:10.1111/evj.13419. 28th of January in the year 2021. Equine Veterinary Journal, 2021.PMID:33403727 PMC article is provided for free. Different dosages of inhaled ciclesonide were tested in horses with experimentally generated mild to severe airway blockage to determine their effects on lung function, clinical symptoms associated with airflow limitation, and blood cortisol levels. The authors, Lavoie JP, Bullone M, Rodrigues N, Germim P, Albrecht B, von Salis-Soglio M.Lavoie JP, Bullone M, Rodrigues N, Germim P, Albrecht B, von Salis-Soglio M. 2019 Nov
- 51(6):779-786. doi: 10.1111/evj.13093. Epub 2019 Nov 1. 5th April, 2019 (Epub). Equine Veterinary Journal, 2019.PMID:30854685 PMC article is provided for free.
Dexamethasone 10 mg/scoop, Oral Powder, 30 Scoops (5cc Scoop)
Recurrent airway obstruction (RAO) is the term used to describe a type of respiratory illness condition that occurs on a regular basis in horses. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and “heaves” are other names for the condition. Asthma in horses is identical to human asthma, and it is a prevalent cause of the continuous coughing that some horses experience. For the sake of this discussion, suffice it to note that a variety of words and acronyms have been used throughout the years to refer to the many inflammatory airway disorders that cause coughing and respiratory discomfort in horses.
1 When the above syndrome manifests itself in young horses, it is referred to as “inflammatory airway disease” (IAD), and it is characterized by exercise intolerance and intermittent cough in horses that appear to be in normal condition when at rest, according to the American Veterinary Medical Association.
According to the existing research, these horses can be fully recovered with therapy; on rare occasions, such horses can heal on their own without treatment.
RAO and COPD in Horses
Residual airway obstruction (RAO) in horses is often characterized by an excessive production of mucus, narrowing of the airway (bronchoconstriction), and broncho spasm. RAO is also known as broken wind, chronic airway reactivity, or chronic airway reactivity. “In contrast to horses with IAD, horses with RAO are not normal at rest and typically have an elevated respiratory rate and/or cough,” says the author. Chronic cough, nasal discharge, exercise intolerance, and respiratory trouble are the most prevalent symptoms of RAO.
- The majority of infected horses do not have a fever unless they have developed a secondary bacterial pneumonia.
- The majority of the time, COPD develops in horses who have acquired an allergic response to dust allergens in the environment.
- Typically, the horses that are impacted are having allergic responses to environmental allergens such as fungal spores or pollen, among other things.
- It is for this reason that COPD tends to be more prevalent in stabled horses, where dust and fungal spores are frequently seen.
- When a horse develops an allergic reaction to a chemical such as this, the tiny airways of the afflicted horse are the most severely harmed when the allergen is breathed.
- 1,2 These factors work together to narrow the horse’s airway’s width, making it more difficult for him to breathe.
- COPD is most commonly associated with older, stabled horses, but it can afflict horses of any age, as well as horses on pasture.
- Its development is often slow, with the first indications of the disease frequently being unnoticeable.
Eliminating the Variables
If the horse’s symptoms are not immediately apparent, the first step the owner or stable manager should do is to minimize any factors that might be a contributing factor to his or her discomfort. Essentially, this means avoiding problems in the first place, which often entails cleaning and good (or better) horse husbandry. In order to alleviate symptoms, the first step is to reduce the amount of dust present in the horse’s quarters. It doesn’t matter what the reason is; this can help you breathe better because dust is a respiratory irritant that can accumulate in the lungs and clog airways.
Equine owners should keep their animals indoors if the weather is excessively hot or cold, for obvious reasons, since severe temperatures can aggravate any respiratory ailment.
When it comes to the barn, everything that can be done to supply the horses with fresh, clean air may make a major difference in their ability to breathe comfortably.
Dexamethasone / Dexamethasone Sodium Phosphate
It is available as an injectable, oral, and ocular drug. Dexamethasone is a glucocorticoid steroid that may be used to treat a variety of conditions. With no mineralocorticoid action, it is 30 times more powerful than hydrocortisone and has a longer half-life than hydrocortisone. 4 Systemic fungal infections are a contraindication, and caution should be exercised when administering it to animals with active bacterial infections, corneal ulcers, hyperadrenocorticism (i.e., Cushing’s disease), diabetes mellitus, osteoporosis, chronic psychotic reactions, a predisposition to thrombophlebitis, hypertension, and renal insufficiency.
It is used to treat a range of horse illnesses, including arthritis and allergic responses as well as heaves.
Most typically, it is given orally (PO), intravenously (IV), or intramuscularly (IM) (IM).
It is most commonly used in the treatment of rheumatic, dermatologic, allergy, and other disorders that are known to be susceptible to anti-inflammatory corticosteroids, such as psoriasis and arthritis.
Dexamethasone Adverse Effects and Warnings
In addition to a dull/dry coat, weight gain, panting, vomiting, and diarrhea (particularly when large parenteral or oral dosages are used), dexamethasone can cause hypercoagulability, hyperlipidemia, activation or aggravation of diabetes mellitus, muscle atrophy, and behavioral abnormalities (eg, depression, lethargy, aggression). 5Glucocorticoids have been shown to cause growth retardation in young animals in the past. 4 There have been no reports of major adverse events in horses treated with dexamethasone at the recommended dosage.
Dexamethasone Dosages for Horses
Dexamethasone has been classified as a CLASS 4 DRUG by the International Uniform Classification Guidelines for Foreign Substances published by the Association of Racing Commissioners. For horses with heaves, the following dexamethasone dosage is recommended, as is the following dexamethasone dosage for horses with COPD (from fromPlumb’s Veterinary Drugs): Drugs used as anti-inflammatory and glucocorticoid agents include dexamethasone 2.5 – 5 mg (total dose) IV or IM; dexamethasone sodium phosphate 2.5 – 5 mg (total dose) IV; and dexamethasone sodium phosphate 2.5–5 mg (total dose) IV.
Adjunctive treatment of recurrent airway obstruction (extra-label):
A) In the case of a 500-kg horse, administer dexamethasone 40 mg (total dose; NOT mg/kg) intramuscularly once every other day for three treatments, followed by 35 mg (total dose; NOT mg/kg) IM once every other day for three treatments, followed by 30 mg (total dose; NOT mg/kg) IM once every other day for three treatments, and continue tapering until the horse is weaned off this therapy completely.
The following doses of dexamethasone sodium phosphate should be used for short-term therapy with environmental control: 0.1 mg/kg IM once daily for 4 days, 0.075 mg/kg IM once daily for 4 days, and 0.05 mg/kg IM once daily for 4 days Except for the findings of bronchoalveolar lavage cytology, PO prednisolone (1 mg/kg PO for 4 days, 0.75 mg/kg PO for 4 days, and 0.5 mg/kg PO for 4 days) was shown to be equally effective as IM dexamethasone, with the exception of the results of bronchoalveolar lavage cytology.
When it comes to lowering clinical symptoms, airway inflammatory cells, and the bronchoprovocative histamine response, dexamethasone 0.05 mg/kg intramuscularly every 24 hours is equally effective as inhaled fluticasone.
The following medications are used: d) Dexamethasone 0.05 mg/kg PO once daily for 7 days or prednisolone 2 mg/kg PO once daily for 7 days Both medications are effective, however dexamethasone was shown to be the most effective.
Dexamethasone suppression test to diagnose pituitary pars intermedia dysfunction (extra-label):
A) 20 mg intramuscularly (total dosage; NOT mg/kg). Normal values: Cortisol levels should decline by 50% in 2 hours, 70% in 4 hours, and 80% in 6 hours, according to the manufacturer’s recommendations. At 24 hours, cortisol levels should have remained down by around 30% of the presuppression level. 44 Seasonal fluctuation may have an impact on the outcomes. Dexamethasone 0.04 mg/kg IM can be delivered when baseline cortisol (serum or plasma) is taken, and a second cortisol sample can be collected 18 to 20 hours later.
Testing undertaken in the autumn is more likely to provide false-positive findings than testing performed in the spring.
Where to buy Dexamethasone powder for horses
There are several pharmaceutical manufacturers and veterinary custom compounding companies that sell dexamethasone in the United States, as well as online pharmacies. NEXGEN Pharmaceuticals’ DEXAMETHASONE 10 MG/SCOOP is indicated for the treatment of acute musculoskeletal inflammations such as bursitis, osselets, carpitis, myositis, tendonitis, and sprains, among other things. If bony changes are present in any of these conditions, joints, or accessory structures, it is not possible to predict whether or not dexamethasone will be effective.
- 4 APPLICABLE ONLY TO RX: The dispensing of this medication is subject to the availability of a valid prescription from a licensed veterinarian.
- House’s Recurrent Airway Obstruction (RAO) in the Horse is a rare condition.
- 2Robinson, N.E., “The Pathogenesis of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease in Horses,” Journal of Equine Research, vol.
- 3 The Administration Routes of Dexamethasone in Horses are Compared by C.
- Published in The Horse on June 26, 2012.
- 5 Notari, L., and Mills, D., “Possible behavioral effects of exogenous corticosteroids on dog behavior: a preliminary investigation,” Journal of Experimental Psychology, vol.
- 2011;6(6):321-327.
Dexamethasone for Horses
Look for Dosage Forms that are currently available.
General Drug Information and Indications
When it comes to illnesses or disorders in which the immune system plays a prominent role, dexamethasone is a synthetic corticosteroid hormone that is used to regulate inflammation. The anti-inflammatory effects of dexamethasone are approximately twenty-five times more potent than those of endogenous cortisol, according to some studies. Excessive use of the corticosteroid dexamethasone in horses is usually associated with the treatment of allergic responses such as respiratory allergies, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (heaves), hives, itching, and inflammatory illnesses, such as arthritis.
Emergency medicine and the treatment of autoimmune illnesses necessitate the use of greater dosages of corticosteroids than are typically required in other situations.
Other active chemicals, such as antibiotics, antifungals, and miticides, may be used in topical preparations for topical application.
The use of dexamethasone in animals, including horses, has been approved by the FDA. It may be necessary to have a specialist pharmacy synthesize the proper dose form if the right dosage form is not available from a veterinary pharmaceutical manufacturer.
How to Give This Medication
This medicine should be administered to your horse in the precise manner prescribed by your veterinarian. If you forget to administer a dosage of dexamethasone to your horse, administer the following dose as soon as you recall or, if it is close to the next planned dose, resume to the usual schedule of administration. Do not take a second dosage to make up for lost time. After administering this medicine to your horse, thoroughly wash your hands.
Side Effects
Make an appointment with your veterinarian as soon as you notice any negative effects. Corticosteroids, such as dexamethasone, are extremely potent medications. While they offer a variety of beneficial benefits, they also have the potential to induce undesirable side effects if they are misused or taken in an incorrect manner. Systemic adverse effects are largely depending on the dose and duration of the treatment regimen. Laminitis is a side effect that can occur when corticosteroids are administered to a horse.
When dexamethasone is used for an extended period of time, it might cause excessive urine (polyuria), increased water intake (polydypsia), and muscle atrophy.
Precautions
Keep this, as well as any other medications, out of the reach of children. Dexamethasone is a prescription medication that should be administered in accordance with your veterinarian’s instructions and only to the animal for which it has been specifically prescribed. This drug should not be administered to anyone. It is recommended to avoid or use dexamethasone with great caution in any horse or pony that has other risk factors for laminitis, such as being overweight. Equine pituitary disorders, horse Cushing’s disease, and equine metabolic syndrome are examples of what is considered to be abnormal.
- Gastric ulcers can be caused or exacerbated by corticosteroids such as dexamethasone.
- Corticosteroids are drugs that reduce the immunological response.
- Horses who have received dexamethasone may not respond to immunizations as expected.
- Systemic corticosteroids can also hide indications of illness, such as an increased fever, if they are administered in large doses.
- Despite the fact that most veterinarians attempt to avoid them, there are some circumstances in which the advantages exceed the potential hazards.
Depending on whether the animal has been taking dexamethasone for a chronic ailment, the amount of dexamethasone may need to be decreased in order for the animal’s body to resume normal production of corticosteroid hormone. Before quitting this medication, be sure to talk with your veterinarian.
Drug Interactions
Make careful to discuss with your veterinarian any drugs or supplements that your horse may be getting at this time. If dexamethasone is used at the same time as other ulcer-causing medications such as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory medicines (NSAIDs) (phenylbutazone, flunixin, and others), the risk of stomach ulcers may be enhanced. There is an increased risk of electrolyte imbalances in animals getting the diuretic furosemide while being treated with dexamethasone, which is attributable to calcium and potassium losses.
Overdose
Please notify your veterinarian or the American Society of Poison Control Center at 888.426.4435, if you feel your horse or another animal has been accidently overdosed or has taken this medicine inadvertently. Always remember to bring the prescription container with you when you take your horse to the veterinarian for a procedure. You should contact the National Capital Poison Center at 800.222.1222 if you or someone else has mistakenly consumed this drug.
Storage
Dexamethasone comes in a variety of strengths and dosage forms, each with its own set of storage needs. Read the information on the prescription you receive or ask your pharmacist about the storage requirements for the medication you receive.
More Information About This Medication
The adrenal gland produces corticosteroids, which are hormones that are beneficial to the body. Cortisol is a corticosteroid hormone that occurs naturally in the body. Corticosteroids are required for survival and have an impact on the metabolism of animals as well as the operation of all cells and organ systems. It is believed that their anti-inflammatory properties are attributable to numerous biological mechanisms. The mineralocorticoids and the glucocorticoids are the two principal kinds of hormones generated by the adrenal gland, with the mineralocorticoids being the more common.
- As a result, there are several distinct corticosteroid medicines available, and various medical diseases are treated with a variety of different corticosteroid treatments depending on the pharmacology of each specific drug (e.g.
- Mineralocorticoids are the name given to the various types of hormones that are generated by the adrenal gland.
- It has been shown that there is considerable overlap in function between mineralocorticoids and glucocorticoids.
- When corticosteroid medicines are administered systemically, the general practice is to provide the preparation with the shortest duration of action, at the lowest dosage level, and for the shortest amount of time feasible, unless otherwise indicated.
The use of corticosteroids for an extended period of time or in an incorrect manner might produce life-threatening hormonal and metabolic abnormalities.
Dexamethasone Injection 2 mg/mL for Animal Use
Sparhawk is the name of the company. DEXAMETHASONE STERILE INJECTION SOLUTION for intravenous or intramuscular injection Veterinary ONLY FOR ANIMAL USE DEXAMETHASONE STERILE INJECTION SOLUTION FOR INTRAVENEOUS OR INTRAMUSCULAR INJECTION
Dexamethasone Injection 2 mg/mL Caution
Federal legislation restricts the use of this medication to licensed veterinarians or those acting on their orders.
Description
INJECTION OF DEXAMETHASONE INJECTION 2 mg/mL DEXAMETHASONE INJECTION 2 mg/mL is a synthetic analogue of prednisolone with similar but more effective anti-inflammatory therapeutic activity as well as diverse hormonal and metabolic effects. When compared to earlier corticosteroids, the modification of the fundamental corticoid structure obtained by DEXAMETHASONE INJECTION 2 mg/mL has a greater anti-inflammatory impact. DEXAMETHASONE INJECTION 2 mg/mL The amount of DEXAMETHASONE INJECTION 2 mg/mL that is necessary is significantly less than the amount of prednisone and prednisolone required.
DEXAMETHASONE INJECTION 2 mg/mL is indicated for delivery intravenously or intramuscularly in the form of an injection.
Experimental Studies
The anti-inflammatory action of dexamethasone has been demonstrated in animal tests, and it appears to be superior to that of several steroids. Dexamethasone has roughly twenty times the anti-inflammatory action of prednisolone and seventy to eighty times the anti-inflammatory activity of hydrocortisone, according to veterinary clinical data. According to thymus involution research, dexamethasone has twenty-five times the activity of prednisolone in the thymus. When it comes to mineralocorticoid action, dexamethasone does not induce considerable salt or water retention, according to the manufacturer.
Dexamethasone Injection 2 mg/mL Indications
DEXAMETHASONE INJECTION 2 mg/mL is authorized for the treatment of primary cattle ketosis as well as for use as an anti-inflammatory drug in the bovine and equine populations. It is possible to utilize DEXAMETHASONE INJECTION 2 mg/mL as a supportive therapy in the management of certain rheumatoid, allergy, dermatologic, and other disorders that are known to be responsive to corticosteroids as an anti-inflammatory agent. The intravenous administration of DEXAMETHASONE INJECTION 2 mg/mL may be utilized as supportive treatment when an immediate hormonal response is necessary.
- When DEXAMETHASONE INJECTION 2 mg/mL is injected intramuscularly, the gluconeogenic effects are often observed during the first 6 to 12 hours.
- Blood sugar levels return to normal levels quickly and typically climb to levels above normal within 12 to 24 hours of the start of the fast.
- The physical attitude of animals treated with DEXAMETHASONE INJECTION 2 mg/mL brightens, and their hunger improves, generally within 12 hours of the injection’s administration.
- In rare cases, it may even be higher than prior high points.
- Supportive Therapy is a type of therapy that helps people feel better about themselves.
- In these instances, the corticosteroid helps to alleviate the tension that is present while also improving the overall sensation of well-being.
- Acute musculoskeletal inflammations such as bursitis, carpitis, osselets, tendonitis, myositis, and sprains can be treated with EquineDEXAMETHASONE INJECTION 2 mg/mL.
Additionally, DEXAMETHASONE INJECTION 2 mg/mL may be used as supportive therapy in the treatment of weariness, heat exhaustion, influenza, laminitis, and retained placenta, provided that the underlying cause has been identified and cured first.
Administration And Dosage
DEXAMETHASONE INJECTION is used in the treatment of this condition. It is recommended that the dose of 2 mg/mL be tailored to the severity of the ailment being treated, the expected duration of steroid therapy, and an animal’s threshold or tolerance for steroid excess, as is the case with any other strong corticosteroid. The treatment can be switched from any other glucocorticoid to DEXAMETHASONE INJECTION 2 mg/mL with the appropriate reduction or adjustment of the dosing schedule. INJECTION OF DEXAMETHASONE INTO BOVINE 2 mg/mL – 5 to 20 mg intravenously or intramuscularly, depending on the dosage.
2 mg/mL DEXAMETHASONE INJECTION (2.5 to 5 mg intravenously or intramuscularly) in horses Dexamethasone Powder may be delivered, or the parenteral dosage may be repeated as needed, depending on the situation.
Contraindications
Except in the case of an emergency, do not provide to animals suffering from chronic nephritis and hypercorticalism (Cushing’s syndrome). The presence of congestive heart disease, diabetes, or osteoporosis are all considered relative contraindications to the procedure. During the viremic stage of viral illnesses, do not use this medication.
Precautions
In animals suffering from chronic nephritis and hypercorticosis (Cushing’s syndrome), use only in an emergency situation. A relative contraindication to this procedure is the presence of congestive heart disease, diabetes, or osteoporosis. The use of this medication during the viremic stage of viral illnesses is prohibited.
Warnings
Amounts of clinical and experimental evidence have demonstrated that corticosteroids given to animals orally or parenterally during the last trimester of pregnancy can cause the first stage of parturition and can precipitate parturition, which may result in dystocia, fetal death, a retained placenta, and metritis in the mother. Additionally, corticosteroids given to dogs, rabbits, and rodents during pregnancy have been linked to the development of cleft palates. There have been reports of other congenital malformations in the progeny of dogs that took corticosteroids during pregnancy, including malformed forelegs, phocomelia, and anasarca, amongst other things.
Calves that will be processed for veal should not be fed this supplement.
Side Effects
Following the administration of synthetic corticosteroids to dogs, side symptoms such as increases in the enzymes SAP and SGPT, weight loss, anorexia, polydipsia, and polyuria have been seen. Dogs and cats have been reported to have vomited and had diarrhea (which was occasionally bloody). Several reports of Cushing’s syndrome in dogs have been published in connection with prolonged or recurrent steroid administration. Corticosteroids are believed to be the cause of laminitis in horses.
How Supplied
INJECTIONS OF DEXAMETHASONE 100 mL multiple dosage vial containing 2 mg/mL. 20°C – 25°C (68°F – 77°F) regulated room temperature storage is recommended. Excursions are permitted in temperatures ranging from 15°C to 30°C (59°F to 86°F). Keep away from frigid temperatures. READ THE DIRECTIONS THAT COME WITH THE PRODUCT CAREFULLY. Sparhawk Laboratories, Inc., Lenexa, Kansas 66215, USA, is the company that manufactures this product.
ANADA: 200-324, FDARev. 10-11D-2953-04CPN:1051001.1, ANADA: 200-324, FDARev. 10-11D-2953-04CPN:1051001.1 Animalytix LLC retains ownership of the copyright. The most recent update was made on December 2, 2021.
Dexamethasone
- Azium Powder
- Dexaject
- Dexamethasone Injection
- Dexamethasone Solution
- Dexasone
- Dexium® Injection
- Dexium® Tablets
- Azium Powder
- Az
Description
When administered in horses with acute musculoskeletal inflammation, dexamethasone is a powerful anti-inflammatory with therapeutic effects that can be quite effective. Supportive care is also administered in a wide range of situations, including those resulting from heat exhaustion, influenza, laminitis, and retained placenta, provided that the original cause has been identified and cured. It is not particular to any one species, and a veterinarian should be engaged in any and all dexamethasone administration.
Usage
Dexamethasone is prescribed by veterinarians for the treatment of horses suffering from bursitis, carpitis, osselets, tendonitis, myositis, and sprains. As a result, it is employed as a supportive therapy in the treatment of weariness and heat exhaustion, as well as influenza, laminitis, and retained placenta, as well as in the detection and treatment of the underlying cause.
Dosage and Administration
| Dexamethasone | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Method | Dosage(click row for calculator) | Concentration | Period | Duration |
| Oral (powder) | 5-10 mg1 | 10 mg/packet | Daily | NA |
| Intravenous or Intramuscular injection | 2.5-5 mg | 2 mg/ml | Daily | NA |
Notes:
- Federal legislation restricts the use of this medication to licensed veterinarians or those acting on their behalf. Only licensed veterinarians are permitted to use extra-label drugs in the treatment of animals in the context of a valid veterinarian-client-patient relationship. The use of drugs in the treatment of animals by the general public (except when under the supervision of a licensed veterinarian) is prohibited. 1 After the first day, give 5 mg powder every day for the rest of the week. The calculator is intended solely for educational purposes. Follow the directions provided by your veterinarian before using this, or any other medicine.
Side Effects
Elevated enzyme levels, weight loss, anorexia, and laminitis are all possible side effects of this medication. Some horses may show signs of tiredness or lethargy, which is normal. Most people feel better after around 24 hours of being lethargic.
Precautions
Animals taking dexamethasone should be closely monitored for the remainder of their lives. It is possible that signs of infection will go unnoticed. Treatment with dexamethasone, like with any other strong corticosteroid, should be tailored to the specific needs of the patient, taking into consideration the severity of the ailment, the expected duration of steroid therapy, and the animal’s tolerance to steroid excess. Except in the case of an emergency, dexamethasone should not be used to horses suffering from nephritis or Cushing’s Syndrome, congestive heart failure, or viral infections, unless the veterinarian determines that the administration is suitable.
Federal legislation restricts the use of this medication to licensed veterinarians or those acting on their orders.
Consult with the relevant regulatory organization.
Interactions
Dexamethasone should not be administered in conjunction with any other corticosteroids without the supervision of a veterinarian.
Overdose
Overdosing may result in sodium retention, fluid retention, potassium loss, and weight gain, among other side effects. Drowsiness or lethargy may be more noticeable than previously stated in the list of adverse effects.
Images
Dexamethasone Injection is a medication that is used to treat allergies. Tablets containing dexamethasone
Literature
How Much Dexterity Should I Give My Horse? DEXAMETHASONE INJECTION IN THE EQUINE 2 mg/mL – 2.5 to 5 mg intravenously or intramuscularly, depending on the dosage. Dexamethasone Powder may be delivered, or the parenteral dosage may be repeated as needed, depending on the situation. How much Dex do I give a horse who has hives? What is the recommended dose? In an emergency situation involving hives or wheals in which you are unable to reach your veterinarian, you might provide 1cc per 100 pounds (of the 2mg/ml strength) either intravenously or orally.
Is it possible to administer dexamethasone to a horse orally?
The medicine is usually delivered orally (PO), intravenously (IV), or intramuscularly (IM), and the absorption rates of the drug have been investigated using each of these administration techniques.
At a dosage of 0.164 mg/kg bwt before to feeding, dexamethasone per os was effective within 6 hours, with maximal impact occurring at 24 hours.
When compared to saline, the duration of effect was statistically significant for all dexamethasone doses for 30 h. When administered orally, the duration of impact was statistically significant for a longer period of time.
How Much Dex To Give Horse – Related Questions
Excessive use of the corticosteroid dexamethasone in horses is usually associated with the treatment of allergic responses such as respiratory allergies, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (heaves), hives, itching, and inflammatory illnesses, such as arthritis.
Why is my horse covered in bumps?
The most frequent reason for horses to acquire several little pimples on their skin is allergic hives (urticaria), but there are a variety of additional factors to take into account. True hives are most likely to be diagnosed if the lumps emerge all at once and are scattered over the body.
What can I give my horse for allergies?
A variety of treatments can be prescribed by your veterinarian to help soothe an allergic reaction. In the case of severe responses, dexamethasone or other corticosteroids might be used to treat them. Antihistamines might be beneficial if your horse is just moderately itchy or if he has hives on his skin.
What happens if you give a horse too much dexamethasone?
Some horses may have a brief period of tiredness or lethargy if they get higher doses than those suggested for them. The lethargy normally subsides within 24 hours after onset. Depending on the dose, length of treatment, and type of corticosteroid, the use of corticosteroids may result in a suppression of endogenous steroid production upon medication discontinuation.
How much dexamethasone do you give a horse with heaves?
The bioavailability of dexamethasone in oral form suggests that daily oral dosages of 0.1 to 0.2 mg/kg should also be useful in restoring the respiratory function of RAO-afflicted horses. Another successful treatment option is the administration of isoflupredone at a dosage of 0.03 mg/kg once a day, in a once-daily regimen.
Can Dex be given orally?
CONTEXT: The injectable version of dexamethasone has been used orally for the treatment of juvenile asthma and croup for several years.
What do they inject horses joints with?
Hyaluronic acid, a chemical that aids in the lubrication of the joint, can be administered at the same time as steroids. Several measures must be completed before your veterinarian may order an injection into your horse’s joints, so that they are prepared for the treatment. First and foremost, appropriate restraint is essential for a successful and safe joint injection procedure.
Is dexamethasone fast acting?
When compared to hydrocortisone, the steroids prednisone and methylprednisolone, which are intermediate-acting compounds, are four to five times more effective. Dexamethasone is a systemic corticosteroid with a lengthy duration of action; its efficacy is about 25 times larger than that of short-acting drugs.
How much prednisolone can you give a horse?
Equisolon 33 mg/g oral powder for horses is a prescription medication. For example, a single daily dose of 1 mg prednisolone per kilogram of body weight translates to approximately 3 g powder every hundred kilogram of body weight (see dosing table below). Treatment may be repeated as many times as necessary at 24-hour intervals for a total of 10 days. Mixing the exact quantity into a modest bit of food is the best method of administration.
Is dexamethasone a strong steroid?
Is dexamethasone a potent anabolic steroid? Dexamethasone is a long-acting steroid that is regarded to be a powerful, or strong, steroid because of its strength.
It has a 25-fold greater potency than hydrocortisone in terms of effectiveness. The first dose of dexamethasone can range anywhere from 0.75 mg to 9 mg per day, depending on the ailment being treated and how much is needed.
Where should dexamethasone be injected?
Dexamethasone is administered through injection into a muscle or as an intravenous infusion into a vein. This injection will be administered by a healthcare professional. Dexamethasone is normally administered through injection only if the patient is unable to take the medication orally. Your dosage requirements may alter as a result of surgery, sickness, stress, or an unexpected medical event.
What is the best time of the day to take dexamethasone?
Once a day, you should take dexamethasone pills or liquid as directed. It is advisable to take it first thing in the morning so that it does not interfere with your sleep. Sleep issues, mood swings, indigestion, and weight gain are among the most prevalent adverse effects of this medication.
Can horses be allergic to their own sweat?
Horses have an unusually high concentration of protein in their sweat, which may help them stay cool, but it also cause significant discomfort to allergy sufferers. Horses lather up when they sweat, and this is due to a particular protein found in their sweat that has been termed latherin (which means “latte” in English).
How do you treat sweat rash in horses?
When lumps appear on your horse’s skin, you may use cooling lotions such as calamine, but it’s better not to ride him if the lumps are in any location where he will come into touch with his equipment. “If a major section of his body is impacted, he should be granted time off,” says the doctor. With any hope, the swellings will recede as swiftly as they appeared — and will continue to be absent.
What are the crusty bumps on my horse?
Rain rot (also known as rain scald) is a skin ailment that occurs in warm, damp environments and is characterized by tiny bumps, crust-like scabs, and/or tangled tufts of hair that are readily pulled out. It is caused by a microbe that behaves in ways that are similar to both bacteria and fungus. Your veterinarian may recommend a shampoo that has a broad spectrum of antibacterial agents.
How can I help my horse with seasonal allergies?
The first step in diagnosing seasonal allergies in horses is to rule out any other possible reasons, such as an infectious condition or a response to a new shampoo, fly spray, or other product that has been introduced. Once this is completed, your veterinarian may prescribe antihistamines or, in extreme circumstances, a brief course of corticosteroids to relieve your symptoms.
What is the best antihistamine for horses?
Commercial antihistamines that contain oral pyrilamine maleate and tripelennamine can be obtained over the counter in select stores. These are normally in the form of granules or powders, and are designed to be combined with feed. The use of these products for preventative maintenance in horses with low grade allergies or allergic components of illness has been shown to be beneficial.
Is Ace safe for horses?
Ace has no negative side effects in the majority of horses. Stallions, horses in shock, and horses suffering from anemia should all be treated with caution. Ace has been shown to reduce blood pressure and hemoglobin concentration. With urethral irritation, Ace can produce penile prolapse and priapism (constant erection), which are both dangerous in stallions and geldings.
How long does it take for steroids to work in horses?
This drug will begin to work fast, in around 1 to 2 hours, and you should notice an improvement in your clinical symptoms.
Can Dex cause laminitis in horses?
Certain anti-inflammatory medicines, including as dexamethasone and prednisolone, have long been suspected of being responsible for the development of laminitis in horses, a painful and potentially life-threatening disease.
How long should you take dexamethasone for Covid 19?
The drug should be taken once everyday for 7-10 days at the same time and for the same length. Dexamethasone, equivalent to 160 mg of hydrocortisone (50 mg every 8 hours or 100 mg every 12 hours) should be taken once a day, along with prednisone, 40 mg of methylprednisolone, and 32 mg of methylprednisolone (8 mg every 6 hours).
Horse Medicine Drug Dexamethasone, Horse Drugs
| Horse Medicine Drug DexamethasoneIndications: Dexamethasone Horse Medicine powder is indicated for those conditions known to respond to steroid therapy such as inflammatory, allergic or dermatologic states.Horse Medicine Drug Directions for Use: CattleHorses: |
- Medications should be taken once day for 7-10 days, at the same time every day. Dexamethasone, equivalent to 160 mg of hydrocortisone (50 mg every 8 hours or 100 mg every 12 hours) should be administered daily, as should 40 mg of prednisone, 32 mg of methylprednisolone, and 6 mg of dexamethasone every 12 hours (8 mg every 6 hours).
Precautions When Using Horse Medicine: Unit for Horse Medicine and Drugs Dimensions: 15 grams (3 teaspoons) There are 72 pouches in a carton. DEXAMETHASONE POWDER IN COMPARISON TO THE REST
| Product | Active Ingredients | Size |
| Dexamethasone powder (DVL) | Each 15g Packet contains 10 mg Dexamethasone | 15g |
| Dexone (Jaapharm) | Each 15g Packet contains 10 mg Dexamethasone | 15g |
| Azium Powder (Schering-Plough) | Each 15g Packet contains 10 mg Dexamethasone | 15g |
Dexamethasone Administration Routes in Horses Compared – The Horse
Several studies have lately investigated and compared the absorption rate of the common horse anti-inflammatory and immune-suppressing corticosteroid medication dexamethasone (DXM), and they have discovered that the medicine functions identically regardless of how it is introduced into the equine body. Equine problems such as arthritis, allergic responses, and heaves can be treated with dexamethasone, which is administered for a variety of reasons. The medicine is usually delivered orally (PO), intravenously (IV), or intramuscularly (IM), and the absorption rates of the drug have been investigated using each of these administration techniques.
- Researchers at the University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine led by Lawrence Soma, VMD, Dipl.
- As with other corticosteroids, DXM and other corticosteroids work by inhibiting the body’s natural production of hydrocortisone.
- “Continuous treatment of corticosteroids will eventually result in the cessation of endogenous HYD production,” Soma explained.
- The knee, fetlock, and stifle were among the joints that received injections.
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Dexamethasone
A fast adrenal glucocorticoid and/or anti-inflammatory action are required in instances where dexamethasone is prescribed. Dexamethasone is a synthetic corticosteroid having an anti-inflammatory potency approximately 25 times greater than that of naturally occurring cortisol. Corticosteroids, such as dexamethasone, are vital in the regulation of normal protein, carbohydrate, and lipid metabolism, as well as in the prevention and management of inflammation. Only for intravenous administration to horses.
- It is possible to replace oral dexamethasone pills for intravenous dexamethasone if a long-term corticosteroid impact is necessary.
- Prescription medications can only be supplied when an official script from a licensed veterinarian has been received and verified.
- The fax must be sent from the veterinarian’s office to be valid.
- The use of voicemail is permissible.
- Prescriptions must be updated at the end of each calendar year.
- Federal (United States of America) law restricts the use of prescription medications to those administered by or on the direction of a licensed veterinarian.
- It is not recommended for use in horses designed for food production.
- Only for use with animals.
Equine Veterinary Education April 2018 Page 71
A fast adrenal glucocorticoid and/or anti-inflammatory action are required in cases when dexamethasone is needed. When compared to naturally occurring cortisol, dexamethasone has roughly 25 times the anti-inflammatory efficacy of dexamethasone. Anti-inflammatory drugs such as dexamethasone are essential in maintaining normal protein, carbohydrate and lipid metabolism as well as in the regulation of inflammation. Horses should only be given this medication intravenously. If a patient is in shock or a shock-like state, the normal IV dosage is 2.5 to 5 mg as a first dose, followed by equal maintenance doses at 1-, 3-6, or 10-hour intervals depending on the patient’s condition.
As part of the process of discontinuing medication after extended corticosteroid administration, the daily dose should be decreased gradually over a number of days in a stepwise manner.
In order for FarmVet.com to accept an original prescription, it must be submitted in one of the following formats: If you prefer to mail your prescription, you may do so at 1254 Old Hillsboro Road, Franklin, TN 370692.
faxes must be sent directly from the veterinarian’s office.
Voicemail is appropriate as a backup method of communication.
Prescriptions must be updated at the end of each year.
Rx medications are only permitted to be used by, or on the order of, a licensed veterinarian in accordance with federal (United States of America) legislation.
Horses meant for food production should not be treated with this product!
As a result of federal legislation, this medication can only be prescribed or administered by a licensed veterinarian or on their orders. Animals are the only ones that will benefit from this product. Children should not be allowed to play with or near the products.